Find flights
Deals
Insights
When to book
FAQs & Tips
Direct Flights
Airlines

COK

Find cheap flights to Kochi (Cochin) from €252

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a KAYAK user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight to Kochi departing on 21/5. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel. Click the price to replicate the search for this deal.
1 adult
0 bags
Fri 7/6
Fri 14/6

Search hundreds of travel sites at once for deals on flights to Kochi (Cochin)

 
These are the airlines KAYAK users have selected most often from within our search results for flights to Kochi, as well as popular online travel agencies
These are the airlines KAYAK users have selected most often from within our search results for flights to Kochi, as well as popular online travel agencies
In the last 7 days, travellers have searched 43,968,530 times on KAYAK, and here's why:

Track pricesNot ready to book? Create a price alert for when prices drop.

Free to useThere are no hidden charges or fees.

Filter your dealsChoose cabin class, free Wi-Fi and more.

Cheap flight deals to Kochi

Here are some of the best deals found on KAYAK recently from the most popular airlines for round-trip flights to Kochi that are departing in the next months. While these flights were available on KAYAK in the last 72 hours, prices and availability are subject to change and deals may expire.
Discover the best prices and deals for you by selecting your travel dates.
Choose your dates
16:55 - 21:25DUB-COK
48h 00m2 stops
16:35 - 07:35COK-DUB
19h 30m1 stop
€591
Find Deal
Tue, 21 May - Fri, 21 Jun
16:55 - 21:25DUB-COK
48h 00m2 stops
10:00 - 22:30COK-DUB
17h 00m2 stops
€601
Find Deal
Tue, 21 May - Fri, 21 Jun
09:00 - 20:05DUB-COK
30h 35m1 stop
10:00 - 07:35COK-DUB
26h 05m1 stop
€736Etihad Airways
Find Deal
Mon, 26 Aug - Tue, 1 Oct
08:10 - 19:45DUB-COK
30h 05m1 stop
16:30 - 06:30COK-DUB
19h 30m1 stop
€802Etihad Airways
Find Deal
Wed, 30 Oct - Sun, 10 Nov
15:00 - 15:35DUB-COK
20h 05m1 stop
16:40 - 06:45COK-DUB
18h 35m1 stop
€861Qatar Airways
Find Deal
Wed, 29 May - Wed, 3 Jul
08:15 - 15:35DUB-COK
26h 50m1 stop
16:40 - 06:45COK-DUB
18h 35m1 stop
€878Qatar Airways
Find Deal
Tue, 21 May - Fri, 21 Jun
16:55 - 17:00DUB-COK
43h 35m2 stops
05:30 - 15:55COK-DUB
38h 55m2 stops
€893IndiGo
Find Deal
Mon, 10 Jun - Mon, 15 Jul
16:55 - 16:00DUB-COK
42h 35m2 stops
02:50 - 15:55COK-DUB
17h 35m2 stops
€920IndiGo
Find Deal
Wed, 5 Jun - Tue, 25 Jun
13:10 - 08:05DUB-COK
13h 25m1 stop
04:30 - 18:55COK-DUB
19h 55m1 stop
€997Emirates
Find Deal
Mon, 28 Oct - Thu, 7 Nov
22:05 - 09:00DUB-COK
30h 25m1 stop
03:15 - 20:10COK-DUB
21h 25m1 stop
€1,015Emirates
Find Deal
Wed, 29 May - Tue, 25 Jun

Flights to Kochi - Travel Insights & Trends

Get data-powered insights and trends into flights to Kochi to help you find the cheapest flights, the best time to fly and much more.

What is the cheapest day to fly to Kochi?

The average price of all flights to Kochi clicked on KAYAK for each day over the last 12 months.
Based on KAYAK data, the cheapest day to fly to Kochi is Wednesday where tickets can be as cheap as €857. On the other hand, the most expensive day to fly is Saturday, where prices are €959 on average.

What is the cheapest month to fly to Kochi?

To calculate monthly average prices, KAYAK takes all prices for each month over the last year for flights to Kochi, removes the top 0.1% to account for outliers, and then takes the median of all values for each month.
The cheapest month for flights to Kochi is September, where tickets cost €796 on average for one-way flights. On the other hand, the most expensive months are December and July, where the average cost of tickets from Ireland is €1,196 and €1,191 respectively. For return trips, the best month to travel is September with an average price of €796.

What is the cheapest time of day to fly to Kochi?

The average price for all flights to Kochi depending on the time of departure, clicked by users on KAYAK in the last 2 weeks.
The cheapest time of day to fly to Kochi is generally in the morning, when flights cost €851 on average. The most expensive time of day to fly to Kochi is generally at night, which is peak travel time and where the average cost of a ticket is €1,162.

How far in advance should I book a flight to Kochi?

To calculate daily average prices, KAYAK takes all prices for each day before departure over the last year for flights to Kochi, removes the top 0.1% to account for outliers, and then takes the average of all the values for each month.
To get a below average price, you should book around 0 weeks before departure. For the absolute cheapest price, our data suggests you should book 85 days before departure.

How long is the flight to Kochi?

The duration of your flight to Kochi depends on your departure and arrival airports. Obviously any flights that include a layover will also be longer. The most popular route to Kochi on KAYAK is from Dublin, which takes 13h 15m.

Good to know

Low season

February

High season

January

Cheapest flight

€252
Best time to beat the crowds (13% less expensive on average)
Most popular time to fly and prices are also 12% lower on average.
Flight from Dublin to Kochi

When to book flights to Kochi

Are your dates flexible? Find out the best times to travel to Kochi based on our flight data from the last year. Discover the cheapest month and even day to fly.
Estimated return price
KAYAK looks at all historical flight data for each date to provide a predicted price for one-way trips or returns with a duration up to 40 days. The information is for flights to Kochi based on your location. While we try to provide actual minimum prices for each date, some prices are predictions and actual prices may differ.

FAQs - booking Kochi (Cochin) flights

  • How far is Kochi from central Kochi?

    The city centre of Kochi is 28 km from Kochi.

  • What is the name of Kochi’s airport?

    When flying to Kochi, you'll arrive at Kochi (COK). The airport is also known as Cochin Intl or Kochi.

  • How does KAYAK find such low prices on flights to Kochi (Cochin)?

    KAYAK is a travel search engine. That means we look across the web to find the best prices we can find for our users. With over 2 billion flight queries processed yearly, we are able to display a variety of prices and options on flights to Kochi (Cochin).

  • How does KAYAK's flight Price Forecast tool help me choose the right time to buy my flight ticket to Kochi (Cochin)?

    KAYAK’s flight Price Forecast tool uses historical data to determine whether the price for a flight to Kochi (Cochin) is likely to change within 7 days, so travellers know whether to wait or book now.

  • What is the Hacker Fare option on flights to Kochi (Cochin)?

    Hacker Fares allow you to combine one-way tickets in order to save you money over a traditional round-trip ticket. You could then fly to Kochi (Cochin) with an airline and back with another airline.

  • What is KAYAK's "flexible dates" feature and why should I care when looking for a flight to Kochi (Cochin)?

    Sometimes travel dates aren't set in stone. If your preferred travel dates have some wiggle room, flexible dates will show you all the options when flying to Kochi (Cochin) up to 3 days before/after your preferred dates. You can then pick the flights that suit you best.

  • Which airline offers the most flights to Kochi?

    Of the 7 airlines that fly to Kochi, IndiGo offers the most flights, with around 211 per week, followed by Air India with 49 flights per week.

See more FAQs

Top tips for finding cheap flights to Kochi (Cochin)

  • Enter your preferred departure airport and travel dates into the search form above to unlock the latest Kochi (Cochin) flight deals.

Prefer to fly direct to Kochi?

Find which airlines fly direct to Kochi, which days they fly and book direct flights.

Direct departures

Ireland to Kochi

Monday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

Tuesday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +34 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +35 more

Wednesday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +35 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +36 more

Thursday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

Friday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

Saturday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +35 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +36 more

Sunday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

See more direct flights

Direct returns

Kochi to Ireland

Monday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

Tuesday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +34 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +35 more

Wednesday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +35 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +36 more

Thursday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

Friday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

Saturday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +35 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +36 more

Sunday

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, Air Canada, +36 more

Air Arabia, Air Arabia Abu Dhabi, +37 more

See more direct flights
See more direct flights

Top 5 airlines flying to Kochi

 
See real verified KAYAK customer reviews for airlines flying to Kochi. Airline scores are aggregated from all reviews left by passengers on KAYAK after flying with an airline from Ireland to Kochi. KAYAK doesn’t show reviews that are older than 5 years. Learn how KAYAK collects reviews.
Need help choosing which airline to fly with to Kochi? KAYAK airline reviews give an overall score for each airline based on loads of factors, including comfort, boarding, in-flight entertainment and more, to make your decision easier. See airline scores according to verified KAYAK customer reviews.
8.1
Oman AirOverall score based on 140 reviews
8.0Comfort
7.8Entertainment
8.3Crew
7.8Food
8.3Boarding
Airline reviews

Everything was great in the business class. Seats 1A and 1C wouldn't recline properly. If i stood up then it did recline, even when the crew checked it he made me stand up recline it all the way and then he said "ok now you can sit" i just laughed it off.

10.0 ExcellentKhalil, Feb 2024MCT - BAH
Read more about Oman Air reviews

Everything was great in the business class. Seats 1A and 1C wouldn't recline properly. If i stood up then it did recline, even when the crew checked it he made me stand up recline it all the way and then he said "ok now you can sit" i just laughed it off.

We missed our connection due to technical issues with the plane. We were stuck in Oman Airport for 5 hours, had to overnight there, got rerouted to London, were denied boarding on the plane, were then seated separately (as a family of 5), did not receive any notification of our luggage being in London, were denied boarding for the AA flight to Chicago, and then all seated separately again. Finally our luggage was lost. Worst experience ever. Will never fly on this airline again

The crew could have offered us seats together as the flight was half empty. But overall, the service quality was good as well as the food and entertainment options. Would love to fly Oman Air again.

Smooth until we get in the plane it was so small and uncomfortable the whole flight, apparently they have Changed the plane and I don’t know what was the problem this flight is from mct to phuket - on my way back everything was perfect

Although a short regional flight, Oman Air continues to provide excellent service, and personal attention. I always find the Oman Air leg of an international flight less stressful and more personable.

The whole trip was well organised, and pleasantly executed. As with most Qatar Airways flights the staff were particularly attentive and supportive. The Q Suite was the "icing on the cake".

Staff were attentive and professional, and managed to be personable and accomodating at the same time. Oman Air has become my airline of choice.

Reduced cost for children to lounge Children’s area in airport Non spicy snacks Option of children’s meals Good films More children’s games and 2 player games Ran out of vegetarian meals

Omar airways mishandled my baggage, it took me 2 weeks to get my baggage back. It's been delivered to someone else.

Pros: "It's okay but they doesn't have good service about the luggage I'm coming from overseas I have two luggage and they charged me for one luggage to charge me."

Worst ever. No assistance and communication from Emirates crew. No visibility of when the flight is flying. Couldn’t understand if we can go to lounge to take rest. Emirates system at a certain point said flight is not operating and suggested to take the next flight and in few minutes it suddenly opened the gate for boarding. unsupportive and rude crew. Worst experience ever. Flight was delayed by 5 hours so need the compensation for that.

Flight from Dubai to Zagreb very bad cabin crew. Bad food

Service needs to improve. Air hostess do not register flyers request and we need to keep on repeating our request to them on multiple occasions

Emirates flights always nice. Service rendered by the staff is superb.I am always comfortable in Emirates flights.

Food was not eadable. Testless and not apealing. order for indian vegitarian, recived spice less. combination of main course and side iteams are far away from traditonal food, serve less iteams. , but eadoble. Thanks

On both legs of my trips (Jhb - Dxb and Dxb - Jhb) the entertainment system did not work.

Overall experience was bad , one does not expect after travelling for 14 hrs in Boing 777-300 ER to be pushed in to a craft with a extermly poor seating pitch, no room for hand baggage in the luggege bins and extermly poor service quality. This patch made my overall expereince mediocre and would definetly look for better choices when flying in or out of Delhi in future.

Crew was not good and service was bad. Not happy

1. Please deploy better trained and courteous staff. 2. Wheel chairs be available at all steps of layover till boarding gate. 3. Food services be also improved . 4. TV and phone charging facility be also provided.

The plane and services in Emirates flight from Los Angeles to Dubai were very good . But plane and services in flight from Dubai to Delhi were very poor/uncomfortable. Staff at Dubai and crew in Dubai plane was very very disappointing|shabby. Wheel chair was given only for a very small part of layover at Dubai and we faced great inconvenience. In short , our experience Dubai onwards(fly Dubai) was very bad and uncomfortable.

No towels or tissue and chocolate and mint provided before arrival

They made us deliberate waste time by holding our passports and boarding passes making us miss the flight

The flight was good but my neighbor had the vent open full power for the whole flight and because the air was blowing from the side instead of from the top and I got very cold and ended up with a sore throat.

My seat that I booked over a year ago and some other passenger was sitting in it. They said they could not walk and they would not move. I was with my young kid and the crew did nothing to accommodate that. Just disappointed that the airline accepts that excuse from a passenger.

They shld provide food. Between food they are giving 10 hours gap which is toooo much

I didn't understand why I got dropped off at departures on exiting the plane at Doha aiport. I had to find my own way to immigration/baggage reclaim which wasn't easy as staff in the departure section just tell you ti scan your boarding pass. This was very poor b qatar Airways. I spent 2 hours soyung this out and once I got to get my suitcase it was delayed. So instead of getting to the hotel at about midnight I got there at three in the morning. I wonder why I upgraded to business?

I had never seen any cabin crews behaving like that. They are not at all professionally fit for this job

Very very poor service. Authorities must take action against this airline immediately. Total failure to follow the rules and regulations of an international airline

There was not enough staff during boarding which had created big problems . Another thing once you enter gate area there’s no way to use bathroom and you have to be in that area 2 hours before boarding which is too much.

Luggage handling was very very bad. Damaged my new Calvin Klein bag and delayed another. Still did not get it since 2 days. Worst airlines and service.

1st of all on February 27th Abu Dhabi to Delhi flight the seat wasn't comfortable at all, coming back the Lounge at Abu Dhabi didn't have anything. Than the Food in the flight

Good range of movies but lacking decent tv shows. Wifi was really expensive on this flight, considering flights under 7 hours have a $9.99 USD charge for streaming, to jump up to $24.99 for a 7 hour 40 flight seemed a little bit of a rip off. Staff are inattentive, and really need to improve on the customer experience. The new airport is fantastic, as is the new lounge, a huge upgrade from the old airport and lounge!

In my opinion, Etihad Airways is a first rate airline except for one important element. On the day before my return flights, when I chose my seats on the Etihad website I was charged an additional $55 (US) in order to sit on the aisle. I was not at all happy about this additional "hidden" charge and I felt cheated.

My wife and I were upgraded to Business Class on our Dublin-Abu-Dhabi flight on the 22nd of January. Being served by "Mariyan" (not too sure about her name, she's from Tunisia) was the real highlight of our flight, she deserves to be working with etihad. We are looking forward to the next upgrade as we are flying back to Dublin on February 01, 2024. If I am not mistaken we have just reached GOLD status as Etihad Guests.

Entertainment did not work from flight from Abu Dhabi to Kolkata. Emirates has a much better flight in that sector.

Ripped off and broken seats in Business class. Seats stink and need to request the staff for additional bedsheets. Crew if very friendly though

Food was very good. Again tray could use a non-skid mat. I had a regular seat - comfortable - able to sleep undisturbed. Boarding was uneventful.

Sits are very uncomfortable Don’t feel like to travel in Etihad. It was 1st time we traveled in Etihad now we decided we don’t want to travel in Etihad.

Food and beverage service have rooms for improvement .there were no entertainment facilities available

The food is good, but i am nit used to those foods so I can’t really be more detailed.

Indigo attempts to make you pay for a seat during check in. I opted to not do this. The result - they allotted me and my minor son seats apart. In the interest of making maximum money, they seem to have lost common sense too. Similarly, even during the flight, the crew are busy trying to serve food to those who’ve already paid for it. By the time they’re done, it’s time to land and no one else is able to get anything. Sadly this seems to be what makes them profitable, customers just need to bear with it till a better airline comes along.

As usual invariably delayed Lots of time in getting chkd in baggage

Staff needs to be trained in managing customers better. Indigo appears to be a low cost airlines in all aspects.

Flight was delayed and also lots of mosquitoes on the flight

Two times the gate was changed and flight got delayed

INDIGO Never On Time & Always Prefer to Shuttle Passengers Like shuttle Corks

I did not like the communication gap existing amongst the staff and the customer. My flight to Nagpur was delayed by two and half hours but it was informed to me on email ( not by W.A. or SMS) when I have already left my home in Baner area. I was painfully detained at airport with luggage when the gate no. 10 was changed to 5. I'll never recommend your flight to anybody.

Seats don't recline, no charging points. New aircraft and very clean. Crew should serve some water atleast.

Wife and I were seated in separate seats across the aisle

There was inordinate delay without any plausible reason. This has become a normal feature of Indigo now a days.

Book Cheap Kochi (Cochin) Plane Tickets

Recent return flight deals

 
These are the cheapest return flights to Kochi found on KAYAK in the last 72 hours.
21/5Tue
2 stops
48h 00mDUB-COK
21/6Fri
1 stop
19h 30mCOK-DUB
€591
21/5Tue
2 stops
48h 00mDUB-COK
21/6Fri
2 stops
17h 00mCOK-DUB
€601
26/8Mon
1 stopEtihad Airways
30h 35mDUB-COK
1/10Tue
1 stopEtihad Airways
26h 05mCOK-DUB
€736
30/10Wed
1 stopEtihad Airways
30h 05mDUB-COK
10/11Sun
1 stopEtihad Airways
19h 30mCOK-DUB
€802
29/5Wed
1 stopQatar Airways
20h 05mDUB-COK
3/7Wed
1 stopQatar Airways
18h 35mCOK-DUB
€861
21/5Tue
1 stopQatar Airways
26h 50mDUB-COK
21/6Fri
1 stopQatar Airways
18h 35mCOK-DUB
€878
10/6Mon
2 stopsIndiGo
43h 35mDUB-COK
15/7Mon
2 stopsIndiGo
38h 55mCOK-DUB
€893
5/6Wed
2 stopsIndiGo
42h 35mDUB-COK
25/6Tue
2 stopsIndiGo
17h 35mCOK-DUB
€920
28/10Mon
1 stopEmirates
13h 25mDUB-COK
7/11Thu
1 stopEmirates
19h 55mCOK-DUB
€997
29/5Wed
1 stopEmirates
30h 25mDUB-COK
25/6Tue
1 stopEmirates
21h 25mCOK-DUB
€1,015

Search by stops

Search by airline

Search by price

Recent one-way flight deals

 
Only flying one-way? Below are some of the best deals for one-way flights to Kochi found on KAYAK in the last 72 hours.
21/5Tue
2 stopsIndiGo
48h 00mDUB-COK
€252
21/5Tue
3 stops
48h 30mDUB-COK
€280
16/5Thu
3 stops
26h 35mDUB-COK
€334
17/5Fri
3 stops
31h 30mDUB-COK
€338
16/5Thu
2 stops
23h 30mDUB-COK
€353
17/5Fri
2 stops
34h 05mDUB-COK
€360
21/5Tue
1 stopQatar Airways
20h 00mDUB-COK
€451
16/5Thu
1 stopQatar Airways
20h 00mDUB-COK
€490
17/5Fri
1 stopQatar Airways
20h 05mDUB-COK
€526

Search by stops

Search by airline

Search by price

Recent domestic flight deals

17/6Mon
directAir India
2h 05mBOM-COK
17/6Mon
directAir India
2h 20mCOK-BOM
€98
30/5Thu
directAir India
2h 05mBOM-COK
4/6Tue
directAir India
2h 20mCOK-BOM
€102
2/8Fri
directAir India
1h 55mBOM-COK
9/8Fri
directAir India
2h 25mCOK-BOM
€132
18/5Sat
multi-stopAir India
9h 30mMAA-COK
20/5Mon
multi-stopAir India
8h 05mCOK-MAA
€135
17/9Tue
multi-stopVistara
15h 05mBLR-COK
18/9Wed
directVistara
1h 00mCOK-BLR
€162
17/9Tue
multi-stopVistara
16h 30mBLR-COK
18/9Wed
directVistara
1h 00mCOK-BLR
€181
8/9Sun
multi-stopVistara
14h 55mPNQ-COK
12/9Thu
multi-stopVistara
15h 30mCOK-PNQ
€349
30/5Thu
multi-stopSingapore Airlines
13h 50mMAA-COK
2/6Sun
multi-stopSingapore Airlines
20h 50mCOK-MAA
€2,898
29/5Wed
multi-stopSingapore Airlines
23h 00mHYD-COK
1/6Sat
multi-stopSingapore Airlines
20h 35mCOK-HYD
€3,176
21/5Tue
multi-stopSingapore Airlines
12h 35mBOM-COK
27/5Mon
multi-stopSingapore Airlines
21h 00mCOK-BOM
€3,304

Search by stops

Search by airline

Search by price

Last minute flights to Kochi

Last minute flight, train and bus deals

 
These last-minute flight deals are the cheapest flights found on KAYAK in the last 72 hours for flights to Kochi that are departing in the next 10 days.
13/5Mon
multi-stop
31h 10mDUB-COK
14/6Fri
multi-stop
21h 30mCOK-DUB
€725
13/5Mon
multi-stop
42h 35mDUB-COK
14/6Fri
multi-stop
14h 10mCOK-DUB
€783
13/5Mon
multi-stop
20h 00mDUB-COK
14/6Fri
multi-stop
18h 20mCOK-DUB
€847
9/5Thu
multi-stopBritish Airways
43h 00mDUB-COK
13/5Mon
multi-stopBritish Airways
31h 20mCOK-DUB
€893
13/5Mon
multi-stopEtihad Airways
19h 15mDUB-COK
14/6Fri
multi-stopEtihad Airways
19h 30mCOK-DUB
€946
13/5Mon
multi-stop
13h 20mDUB-COK
13/6Thu
multi-stop
20h 00mCOK-DUB
€969
13/5Mon
multi-stopQatar Airways
13h 20mDUB-COK
13/6Thu
multi-stopQatar Airways
14h 25mCOK-DUB
€1,065
9/5Thu
multi-stopEmirates
30h 25mDUB-COK
13/5Mon
multi-stopEmirates
30h 15mCOK-DUB
€1,136
9/5Thu
multi-stopQatar Airways
13h 15mDUB-COK
12/5Sun
multi-stopQatar Airways
14h 25mCOK-DUB
€1,229
9/5Thu
multi-stopQatar Airways
13h 20mDUB-COK
12/5Sun
multi-stopQatar Airways
14h 25mCOK-DUB
€1,340

Search by stops

Search by airline

Search by price

Flights to Kochi (Cochin)

Destination:

Kochi (Cochin) (COK)India

Cabin classes:

Browse destinations: